Alkaline Batteries |
Alkaline batteries are non-rechargeable, high energy density, batteries that have a long life span. This battery obtained its name because the electrolyte used in it is alkaline (potassium hydroxide). |
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The chemical composition features zinc powder as an anode and manganese dioxide as the cathode with potassium hydroxide as the electrolyte. |
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The chemical reactions are: |
Zn (s) + 2OH? (aq) ? ZnO (s) + H2O (l) + 2e? |
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2MnO2 (s) + H2O (l) + 2e? ?Mn2O3 (s) + 2OH? (aq) |
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If we compare the capacity of an alkaline cell with a zinc-chloride cell of same size, the former can provide about four |
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to five times more energy under equal load conditions. |
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The supply voltage level decreases over time so the minimum required voltage level for a particular load may not match the supplied voltage level and thus results in no operation. But the rate of decline of alkaline batteries is lower than the Leclanche cell, thus longer life. |
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The typical values of voltage and current supplied by a single alkaline cell are 1.5V and 700mA respectively. |
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These batteries are distributed in various standard cylindrical shapes. |
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